Clinical

Figure 1. Similar aged beef calves born at the beginning of a seasonal calving block to synchronised dams with fixed time artificial insemination.

Use of artificial insemination and oestrus synchronisation in beef herds

This is an area attracting increasing interest from beef suckler producers in the UK but carries the caveat, as for dairy cows, that lower pregnancy rates are to be anticipated compared with...

Figure 1. During August a Holstein cow which calved 2 weeks previously is presented in respiratory distress with occasional open-mouth breathing. There was a purulent nasal discharge. See Video 1.

Cattle self assessment

Figure 1. Red clover (Trifolium pratense), a perennial legume, that will last 3–5 years. It is higher in protein content and has greater nitrogen fixing capacity than white clover seen below in Figure 2.

Impact of phyto-oestrogens on reproductive health of sheep

Phyto-oestrogens are all non-steroidal compounds that can bind to oestrogen receptors. The compounds found in plants of agricultural and veterinary importance include isoflavones and coumestans. The...

Mastitis pattern analysis: epidemiology into practice

Recently, work published at University of Nottingham has used machine learning to improve the original mastitis pattern analysis tool and has refined the algorithms used (Hyde et al, 2020). The...

Figure 1. The calving pen: a high risk environment for disease transmission.

Calving pen management

A total of 66 dairy farms in Northern Ireland were visited in 2019 on three occasions over a 3 week period to measure and collate data on the environment pertaining to calf management. Full details...

Figure 1. Holstein cow at referral following a 3 day course of marbofloxacin and meloxicam. Figure 2. The same cow 6 weeks later after a change in antibiotic therapy to penicillin [Video 1]. Similar cases are shown in Videos 2 and 3.

Diagnosis of respiratory disease in adult cattle using ultrasonography

cow 6 weeks later after a change in antibiotic therapy to penicillin.

Reviewing the diagnosis and treatment of digital dermatitis in dairy herds

A reliable and affordable diagnostic test for BDD is not available and so the gold standard for diagnosis remains lifting feet for examination in a foot-trimming crush. This is time-consuming and...

Figure 1. Johne's disease is an important differential for low body condition score and poor performance that should be routinely investigated. Antibody serology tests have very low sensitivity compared with faecal polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

Ovine Johne's disease

The two main groups of MAP strains are ‘type S’ and ‘type C’, named after the host species from which they were originally isolated, sheep and cattle respectively (Collins et al, 1990). This...

Figure 3. Calves grazing silage aftermaths.

Parasite control and Saint Swithin's Day

Depending on the results of monitoring since turnout and the outcome of the review, the possible actions that can be instigated around mid-July essentially revolve around pasture management or...

Figure 1. When bacteria from organs such as the uterus and the udder enter the systemic circulation rather than the portal circulation, they avoid the phagocytic actions of the Kuppfer cells in the liver.

Sepsis in adult cattle

Sepsis is a known or suspected infection leading to systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) that is characterised by alterations in body temperature, heart rate, respiratory rate, and leukogram...

Plant poisoning in goats

Grayanotoxin poisoning is very common in goats (and sheep). Numerous cases are reported in the literature involving Rhododendron spp. (Figure 1a) (which includes azaleas, Figure 1b) (Casteel and...

Japanese encephalitis virus outbreak in Australian pigs

Japanese encephalitis virus is an Flavivirus (International committee on Taxonomy of Viruses, 2017), an enveloped positive strand RNA virus endemic in eastern and south-eastern Asia (Williams et al,...